Buri gihe ngenzura icyo ari cyouburemere bw'amapine yo kuringaniza amapineNdagura kuko amategeko yo mu gace arashobora guhinduka vuba. Ahantu henshi ubu hari imipaka y'ibiremereye bya lisansi, nkaIbiremereye by'amapine ya FSLT50 afatanye n'umugozi, bitewe n'ingaruka ku buzima n'ibidukikije.

• Icupa ry'icyuma, icyuma na zinki ni byo bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu gupima ibiro by'amapine.
• Icyuma na zinc byakunzwe cyane kuva aho icyuma cya lisansi gihanganye n'ihagarikwa ryinshi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Ibiremereye by'amapine y'ubudodo bibujijwe ahantu henshi bitewe n'ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima no ku bidukikije, bityo buri gihe banza urebe amategeko yo mu gace utuyemo mbere yo kubigura cyangwa kubikoresha.
• Ibiremereye bya zinki n'ibyuma bitanga ubundi buryo bwizewe, bufite akamaro kandi bwemewe n'amategeko burinda imodoka yawe n'ibidukikije.
• Guhitamoibiremereye by'amapine bitangiza ibidukikijebifasha mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw'abaturage no gushyigikira isi isukuye kuri buri wese.

Ni hehe bitemewe n'amategeko ku byerekeye ubwikorezi bw'amapine ya Balancer?

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika

Iyo nshakisha ibipimo by'amapine yo kuringaniza amapine muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, buri gihe nsuzuma amategeko ya leta mbere na mbere. Si leta zose zifite amategeko amwe.Leta icyenda zahagaritse kugurisha, gukwirakwiza, cyangwa gukoresha uburemere bw'ibiziga by'amashanyarazi kuva mu 2009Urugero, Maine ifite itegeko ribuza burundu.California iragaragara cyane kuko yabujije gukora, kugurisha no gushyiraho ibiro by'amapine y'uburemere afite agaciro karenga 0.1% kuva mu 2010.Izindi leta nka Vermont, Maryland, Minnesota, Washington, New Jersey, New York, Illinois, na Carolina y'Epfo zifite amategeko nk'ayo. Ariko, muri leta 40, uburemere bw'amapine ya lead buracyari bwemewe n'amategeko. Aya mategeko atandukanye bivuze ko nshobora kugura ibyuma bya lead kuri interineti nubwo leta yanjye yaba ibibuza. Abantu benshi bifuza ko itegeko ribuza mu gihugu hose kuziba ibyo cyuho no kurengera ibidukikije.

Inama:Buri gihe banza urebe amabwiriza agenga leta yawe mbere yo kugura cyangwa gushyiraho ibipimo by'amapine. Amategeko ashobora guhinduka vuba, kandi gukoresha ibikoresho bibujijwe bishobora gutuma ucibwa amande.

Kanada

Kanada yafashe ingamba zitandukanye. Kugeza mu 2024, nta ntara cyangwa akarere kari gafite itegeko ryako ku byerekeye uburemere bw'amapine ya lead.Guverinoma y’igihugu yafashe iya mbere ibuza ibiro by’ibyuma bipima ibyuma mu gihugu hose hakurikijwe Itegeko rya Kanada rirengera ibidukikije (CEPA) ryo mu 2024Iri tegeko ribuza igihugu cyose bivuze ko ntashobora gukoresha cyangwa kugura ibiremereye by’amapine ya lead balancer aho ari ho hose muri Kanada ubu. Mbere y’ibi,intara n'uturere ntibyigeze bigenzura ibikoresho by'ibiziga, bityo ibiro by'uburemere bw'ibiziga byari bikiri byemewe hanze y'ubutaka bwa leta nka pariki z'igihugu..

Dore incamake ngufi:

• Nta ntara cyangwa akarere kari gafite amategeko yihariye yerekeye uburemere bw'amapine y'imodoka.
• Itegeko rya CEPA ribuza leta ubu rikoreshwa hose muri Kanada.
• Intara ziracyanemera ko amashanyarazi ashobora kuba afite ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa, ariko nyuma ya 2024 ntabwo yemerera amashanyarazi kuba afite uburemere bw'amapine.

Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi

Buri gihe nkunda uburyo Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ukemura ibibazo by’ibidukikije. Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u BurayiIbikoresho by'amapine byabugenewe byo gutwara abagenzi bibujijwe kugeza kuri toni 3.5 guhera ku ya 1 Nyakanga 2005Iri tegeko ryavuye ku itegeko rya 2005/673/EC n'iryoAmabwiriza y'Impera z'Ubuzima bw'IbinyabizigaIntego nyamukuru kwari ukurinda abantu n'ibidukikije ingaruka z'uburozi bw'amapine. Buri gihugu cy'Uburayi kigomba gukurikiza iri tegeko, bityo sinshobora gukoresha cyangwa kugura ibipimo by'amapine y'amapine y'amapine y'amapine ahantu hose muri EU. Ubu buryo buhamye bufasha gukumira uburozi bw'amapine mu bidukikije kandi bushishikariza buri wese gukoresha ubundi buryo butekanye.

Icyitonderwa:Niba utwaye imodoka mu bihugu by’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, hitamo buri gihe ibipimo by’amapine bidakoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo bikomeze kuba ibyemewe n’amategeko kandi bitangiza ibidukikije.

Ubuyapani

Ubuyapani nta tegeko ribuza mu gihugu hose uburemere bw'amapine ya lead balancer, ariko ndabona ko hari imbaraga nyinshi zo gushaka ibikoresho bitekanye. Abakora imodoka benshi bo mu Buyapani n'amaduka acuruza amapine bahinduye ibyuma cyangwa zinc. Barashaka kurengera ibidukikije no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga. Nubwo nkibona ibyuma bya lead ahantu hamwe na hamwe, amaduka menshi arasaba cyangwa agakoresha amahitamo atari ay'amapine. Niba ushaka gukomeza imbere no kwirinda ibibazo biri imbere, ndakugira inama yo guhitamo.uburemere bw'amapine y'icyuma cyangwa zincmu Buyapani.

Kuki ibiremereye by'ibiziga by'imodoka bibujijwe?

Ibibazo ku bidukikije

Ndabona ingaruka mbi ziterwa n'ibiziga by'icyuma gipima icyuma gipima icyuma buri munsi. Iyo imodoka zitwaye imodoka, uduce duto tw'icyuma gipima icyuma gipima icyuma tugacika tukagera mu mihanda, mu butaka no mu mazi. Isesengura ry'ubutaka rya Amerika ryagaragaje kotoni zigera ku 2.000 z'icyuma cy'uburemere bw'amapinekuzimira mu mihanda yo muri Amerika buri mwaka. Ubwo ni ingano nini y'ibyuma by'uburozi byinjira mu bidukikije. Nasomye ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri New Jersey bwantunguye. Bwasanze ingano y'icyuma gisohoka mu buremere bw'ibiziga iri hejuru cyane kuruta uko abahanga babitekerezaga—kugeza kuri toni 26 ku mwakamu buryo bumwe gusa. Utu duce duto tw’icyuma ntabwo dukomeza kubaho. Imvura irabiroha mu migezi no mu migezi. Umuyaga urabihuha mu bibuga by’imikino no muri pariki. Sinshobora kwirengagiza ko umwanda wa icyuma uturuka ku biziga by’imodoka ari ikibazo gikomeye ku baturage bacu.

Icyitonderwa: Raporo za leta n'amatsinda nka Earthjusticebyasunikiye EPA kugena uburemere bw'ibiziga by'amashanyarazi kubera ubu bwandu bukomeje. EPA ubu irateganya gutanga amategeko mashya bitarenze 2025.

Ingaruka ku buzima

Lead ntigira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije gusa. Ishyira ubuzima bwacu mu kaga, cyane cyane ku bana. Ndahangayikishijwe n'abana bakina hanze bagahumeka cyangwa bagakora ku mukungugu w'ibumba. Ndetse n'ingano nto y'ibumba ishobora kwangiza ubwonko n'imitsi burundu. Abakozi bo mu maduka acuruza amapine n'ibigo bikora ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ibumba bahura n'ibyago byinshi kurushaho. Bashobora guhumeka umukungugu w'ibumba cyangwa bakawujyana mu myenda yabo. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ukoingaruka zikomeye ku buzima:

Ndizera ko guhindura inzira zitekanye nkaicyumacyangwa zinc ni amahitamo meza. Kurinda ubuzima bwacu n'isi yacu bigomba kuza mu mwanya wa mbere.

Ubundi buryo bwemewe n'amategeko bwo gupima ibiro by'ibiziga by'imodoka

Ibiremereye by'amapine ya Zinc

Buri gihe nsaba gukoresha ibiremereye bya zinc wheel iyo umuntu ashaka uburyo bwizewe kandi butangiza ibidukikije.Uturemere twa zinc gisa kandi gisa n'icya lisasu, bityo abantu benshi ntibabona itandukaniro mu gihe cyo gushyiraho. Abakora bakoresha uburyo busa cyane n'ubw'icyuma gikozwe muri lisansi, bivuze ko ugera ku buryo bumwe kandi ukarangiriraho. Zinc ntabwo ihumanya kandi irwanya ingese, bigatuma iba nziza ku modoka zihura n'imvura cyangwa imihanda irimo umunyu. Nubwo zinc ihenda gato kuruta icyuma gikozwe muri lisansi, ndizera ko inyungu zikomoka ku bidukikije zituma ihabwa agaciro.Ibiremereye bya zinc bifasha mu gukumira ibyuma byangiza mu butaka no mu mazi yacu.

Inama:Niba ushaka uburinganire hagati y'imikorere n'umutekano w'ibidukikije, uburemere bw'ibiziga bya zinc ni amahitamo meza.

Ibiremereye by'amapine y'icyuma

Ibikoresho by'ibyuma bipima amapinebyambereye ikintu nkunda cyane mu modoka nyinshi, cyane cyane ahantu habujijwe gukoresha icyuma cya “lead”. Njya mbona abakora imodoka n'amaduka acuruza amapine menshi bahindura ibyuma buri mwaka.Icyuma kirakomeye, kiraramba, kandi akenshi gikozwe mu bikoresho byasubiwemoIhangana n'ibihe bikomeye kandi imara igihe kirekire. Nubwo icyuma kirusha zinc cyangwa icyuma cy'ubutare, igumana uburyo buhendutse kandi bworoshye kuyibona.Muri Amerika na Kanada, icyuma ubu ni cyo cyiganje ku isoko ry'imodoka nshya n'amakamyoNdizera ibyuma bipima uburemere ku modoka ziremereye ndetse no ku muntu wese ushaka igisubizo cyujuje ibisabwa kandi cyemewe n'amategeko.

Ibindi bikoresho

Nabonye andi maduka menshi atangauburemere bw'ibiziga bya pulasitiki n'ibinini bya plastikeIbigo nka3M ubu ikora ibikoresho bipima ibiro bidafite icyuma gipima ibiroBirwanya ingese kandi bigafata neza amapine. Ibi bikoresho bishya birinda ibidukikije kandi bigatuma amapine asa neza. Ibiremereye bya aluminiyumu nabyo bigaragara ku modoka zimwe na zimwe kuko byoroshye kandi bishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Uko ahantu henshi habujijwe gukoresha icyuma gitwara amashanyarazi, nizeye ko ibi bisimbura bizarushaho gukundwa. Guhitamo ibi bifasha kurinda isi yacu no gutuma imodoka yawe ikomeza kuba emewe n'amategeko hose.